Family Planning Information

• The male sheath of latex or animal membrane provides good protection against pregnancy --equivalent to that of a diagraphm and spermicidal jelly.
• Latex , not animal membrane , condom also offer protection against STDs and cervical dysplasia.

          Note : Men and women seeking protection against HIV transmission are advised to use a latex condom alongwith spermicide during vaginal or rectal intercourse.

• When a vaginal form (spermicide) is used with the condom , the failure rate approaches that of OCPs.
  

          Note : In USA , condom caoted with a spermicide is available .

• Diadvantage includes dull sensation ,spillage of semen due to tearing , slipping and leakeage with penile detumescence.
  
• A female condom made of polyurethane is available in the USA . The reported failure rate ranges from 5% to 21 %. The Efficacy is comparable to that of diaphragm.

          Note : This is the only female- controlled method that offers significant protection from both pregnancy and STDs.
         

• The cervical cap with contraceptive jelly is similar to the diagram but fits snugly over the cervix (Cx)only whereas the diaphragm stretches from behind the Cx to behind the pubic symphysis.

         Note: The cervical cap is more difficult to insert and removethan the diaphragm.

• The main advantages are that it can be used by women canot be fitted for the diaphragm because of a relaxed anterior vaginal wall or by women who have discomfort for develop repeated bladder infections with diaphragm.
• Both these devices (cervical cap or diaphragm) should not be left in the vagina for over 12 to 18 hours , nor should these devices be used during the menstrual period , owing to some risks of developing Toxic shock syndrome (TSS).

• The diaphragm with contraception jelly is safe and effective contraceptive method with features that make it acceptable to some women and not others.

          Note: failure rate ranges from 5% to 10 %.

• Advantages of this method it has no systemic side effects and give significant protection against pelvic infection (STDs) and cervical dysplasia (CaCx) as well as pregnancy.
  
• Disadvantages are that it must be instered near the time of coitus and that pressure from rim predisposes some women to cystitis after intercourse.Recurrent UTI and allergy to rubber and spermidical agents . Toxic shock syndrome is left in for more than 24 hrs.

1.Different method of contraception

• Traditional                
  
• Mechanical              
• Chemical
• Hormonal
• IUCD
• Sterilization