Family Planning Information

1. It is a mixture of 30ugm of ethylene oestradiol or mesteronol plus varying doses of progestin .
2. It is taken daily for 3wks in each cycle.
3. It suppresses ovulation and thus preventing pregnancy.
4. Failure rate is 0.1%

1. Combined oral pills.
2. Mini Pills.
3. Triphasic combined pills
4. Hormonal depot injectins.
5. Hormonal implants
6. Post coital pills
7. Silastic Vaginal rings.

• The male sheath of latex or animal membrane provides good protection against pregnancy --equivalent to that of a diagraphm and spermicidal jelly.
• Latex , not animal membrane , condom also offer protection against STDs and cervical dysplasia.

          Note : Men and women seeking protection against HIV transmission are advised to use a latex condom alongwith spermicide during vaginal or rectal intercourse.

• When a vaginal form (spermicide) is used with the condom , the failure rate approaches that of OCPs.
  

          Note : In USA , condom caoted with a spermicide is available .

• Diadvantage includes dull sensation ,spillage of semen due to tearing , slipping and leakeage with penile detumescence.
  
• A female condom made of polyurethane is available in the USA . The reported failure rate ranges from 5% to 21 %. The Efficacy is comparable to that of diaphragm.

          Note : This is the only female- controlled method that offers significant protection from both pregnancy and STDs.
         

• These are available without prescription , easy to use and failry effective .

        Note: The reported failure rate is 2 to 30%.

• All contain the Spermicide --- Nonoxynol-9 which has antiviral and antibacterial activity.
  
• Nonoxynol-9 does not appear to adversely affect the vaginal colonization of hydrogen perioxide (H2O2) producing LACTOBACILI

        Note: Recent unpublished data suggest that nonoxynol-9 may not be protective against HIV infection , particularly in women who has too frequent sexual intercourse.

• Advanages includes that it is simple to use and easily available.
  
• Diadvantages being slightly more failure than the diagraphm and cervical cap or condom.